6. ELECTROMAGNETIC MECHANISMS

These are devices that can convert movement into electricity or vice versa.

6.1. Electromagnetic generators

These generators transform mechanical energy into electricity. There are two types of generators:

Dynamos

It consists of a magnet and a rotary coil. The coil is located between the two poles of the magnet. The ends of the coil have two semicircular conductors, which form the commuttator. When electricity is applied to the coil, it rotates and begins to generate direct current in the coil.

  

Alternators

A simple alternator is almost identical to a dynamo, except the commutator, which consists of two metallic rings connected to carbon brushes.

6.2. Electric motors

An electric motor is a device that can transform electrical energy into movement. It uses the forces of attraction and repulsion between a magnet and an electrically-charged wire.

 

 

6.3. Relays

It's an electromagnetic component that works such as a switch. When electricity passes through the coil, it acts like a magnet. The coil attracts a moveable metal contact towards another fixed contact.